Alcohol and Alcoholism Advance Access published online on January 5, 2006
Alcohol and Alcoholism, doi:10.1093/alcalc/agh261
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1 Addiction Clinic at Turku City Psychiatric Services, Kunnallissairaalantie 20, 20700 Turku, Finland; Department of Child Psychiatry, Turku University, 20520 Turku, Finland
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. Aims: To study the associations between drunkenness frequency and adaptive functioning, psychopathology and service use among 18-year-old Finnish boys in a nation-wide population-based study. Methods: Information about drunkenness frequency within the previous six months was collected from the Finnish boys born in 1981 (n = 2306) at the boys' obligatory military call-up in 1999. Self-report questionnaires were used to study demographic factors, adaptive functioning, risk behaviour, life events, and mental health service use. Psychopathology and adaptive functioning was assessed with the Young Adult Self-Report (YASR) questionnaire. Results: Of the boys, 85% reported drunkenness within the previous 6 months. Most of the subjects were occasionally drunk: 39% reported drunkenness less than a month, and 35% less than once a week, while 10% reported being frequently drunk once a week or more often. Occasional drunkenness was associated with better adaptive functioning and psychosocial well-being in general. Refraining from drunkenness was associated with suicidal ideation and internalizing problems in the YASR scale. Frequent drunkenness associated with daily smoking, illicit drug use, and externalizing problems in the YASR scale, especially delinquent behaviour. In the multivariate analysis, number of friends, having a regular relationship and cigarette smoking had a linear association with frequency of drunkenness, while drunkenness-related alcohol use was less common among those with poor friendship quality. Among the participants, entering substance use treatment was rare (0.2%). Frequent drunkenness was found to be common among mental health service users. Conclusions: Among late-adolescent boys, occasional drunkenness is a normative alcohol use pattern and associates with social competence and good psychosocial functioning. Late-adolescent boys refraining from drunkenness in addition to those with frequent drunkenness may be in a need of mental health assessment. As entering substance use treatment is infrequent, establishing integrated services with multi-professional co-operation for late-adolescent males with frequent drunkenness is emphasized.
Received September 23, 2005
Revised December 16, 2005
Accepted December 19, 2005
Article
ADAPTIVE FUNCTIONING, PSYCHOPATHOLOGY AND SERVICE USE AMONG 18-YEAR-OLD BOYS WITH DRUNKENNESS-RELATED ALCOHOL USE
SOLJA M. NIEMELÄ 1 *,
ANDRE SOURANDER 2,
KARI POIKOLAINEN 3,
HENRIK ELONHEIMO 4,
HANS HELENIUS 5,
LAURI SILLANMÄKI 5,
PETTERI MULTIMÄKI 6,
and
KAI PARKKOLA 6
2 Department of Child Psychiatry, Turku University, 20520 Turku, Finland; Visiting Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Columbia University, NY, USA
3 The Finnish Foundation for Alcohol Studies, PL 220 00531 Helsinki
4 Department of Criminology, Turku University, 20520 Turku, Finland
5 Department of Biostatistics, Turku University, 20520 Turku, Finland
6 Archipelago Sea Naval Command PL 5, 20241 Turku, Finland
SOLJA M. NIEMELÄ, E-mail: solja.niemela{at}utu.fi
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