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Alcohol and Alcoholism Advance Access published online on September 12, 2005
Alcohol and Alcoholism, doi:10.1093/alcalc/agh212
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© The Author 2005. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Medical Council on Alcohol. All rights reserved
Received May 20, 2005
Accepted August 17, 2005

Article

SCHOOL MATTERS: DRINKING DIMENSIONS AND THEIR EFFECTS ON ALCOHOL-RELATED PROBLEMS AMONG ONTARIO SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS

JÜRGEN REHM 1*, NEERAV MONGA 2, EDWARD ADLAF 3, BENJAMIN TAYLOR 3, SUSAN J. BONDY 4, and JEAN-SÉBASTIEN FALLU 5

1 Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada; Addiction Research Institute, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
2 Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada
3 Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada; Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
4 Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
5 Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada; School of Psychoeducation, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
JÜRGEN REHM, E-mail: jtrehm{at}aol.com


  Abstract

Aims: To test the hypotheses that average volume of alcohol consumption and patterns of drinking, each influence alcohol-related problems and that both act at individual and aggregate levels. Methods: The 2003 cycle of the Ontario Student Drug Use Survey obtained self-administered questionnaires from a representative classroom-based survey of 2455 Ontario secondary school students (grades 9-12) from 74 schools, with a student completion rate of 72%. Average volume of alcohol consumption was assessed using a quantity-frequency measure. Heavy drinking occasions were operationalized by four dummy variables indicating less than monthly, monthly, weekly and daily consumption of five or more drinks per occasion, with never having a heavy drinking occasion serving as the reference group. Alcohol-related problems were measured by using seven items of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test. Results: As hypothesized, both the average volume of alcohol consumption and patterns of drinking influenced alcohol-related problems at the student level, independently of each other. At the school level, both determinants significantly influenced the problems, but not when simultaneously entered into the equation. Conclusions: Future prevention of alcohol-related problems in adolescents should consider both the average volume and patterns of drinking. Both prevention and research should also try to include environmental determination of alcohol-related problems.


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