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Alcohol and Alcoholism Advance Access published online on July 4, 2005
Alcohol and Alcoholism, doi:10.1093/alcalc/agh179
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© The Author 2005. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Medical Council on Alcohol. All rights reserved
Received April 29, 2005
Revised May 29, 2005
Accepted June 3, 2005

Article

ASSOCIATION OF THE DOPAMINE TRANSPORTER GENE WITH ALCOHOLISM

MICHAEL D. KÖHNKE 1*, ANIL BATRA 1, WERNER KOLB 2, ANNETTE M. KÖHNKE 1, ULRICH LUTZ 1, SANDRA SCHICK 1, and INES GAERTNER 1

1 University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Tübingen University Hospital, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
2 Wilhelmsheim Hospital, 71570 Oppenweiler, Germany

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
MICHAEL D. KÖHNKE, E-mail: michael.koehnke{at}med.uni-tuebingen.de


  Abstract

Aims: It was investigated whether the allele A9 of the dopamine transporter gene (DAT1; SLC6A3) is associated with alcoholism, delirium tremens (DT), alcohol withdrawal seizures (AWS), or the daily alcohol intake. Methods: A group of 102 healthy subjects and 216 alcoholics, including 97 patients with a history of mild withdrawal symptoms, 65 with a history of AWS and 83 with a history of DT were genotyped and personal data were achieved for statistical evaluation in a case-control design. Results: The frequency of individuals carrying the allele A9 [f(A9+)] was significantly higher (P = 0.01) in the group of alcoholics [f(A9+) = 0.48] compared with healthy controls [f(A9+) = 0.32]. There was no significant association of the allele A9 with severe withdrawal symptoms or the daily amount of alcohol consumed. Conclusions: Our results reveal that the allele A9 is strongly associated with alcoholism but not with withdrawal symptoms or daily alcohol intake.


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