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Alcohol and Alcoholism Advance Access published online on June 6, 2005
Alcohol and Alcoholism, doi:10.1093/alcalc/agh172
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© The Author 2005. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Medical Council on Alcohol. All rights reserved
Received January 25, 2005
Revised April 13, 2005
Accepted April 22, 2005

Article

EFFECTS OF CHRONIC ALCOHOL TREATMENT ON ACOUSTIC STARTLE REACTIVITY DURING WITHDRAWAL AND SUBSEQUENT ALCOHOL INTAKE IN HIGH AND LOW ALCOHOL DRINKING RATS

JULIA A. CHESTER 1*, ANNETTE M. BLOSE 1, and JANICE C. FROEHLICH{dagger} 1

1 Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
JULIA A. CHESTER, E-mail: jchester{at}psych.purdue.edu


  Abstract

Aims: The purpose of the present study is to determine whether the inverse genetic association between alcohol withdrawal magnitude and genetic propensity for alcohol drinking that we have previously identified in alcohol-naive rats given alcohol acutely, would also be seen following chronic alcohol exposure. The effect of forced, chronic alcohol treatment on subsequent voluntary alcohol drinking was also examined. Methods: Male rats from the high alcohol drinking (HAD2) and low alcohol drinking (LAD2) lines received two intragastric (IG) infusions of alcohol (3.0 g/kg BW; 25% v/v) or an equal volume of water, separated by 5 h, every day for 20 consecutive days (chronic alcohol treatment). Acoustic startle reactivity was assessed at 10, 14, and 18 h after the second infusion on days 1, 5, 10, 15, and 20. After acoustic startle testing was completed, all rats received two IG infusions of 3.0 g alcohol/kg BW, separated by 5 h, and blood alcohol content was assessed at 10, 14, and 18 h after the second alcohol infusion. All rats were then given a 24 h free-choice between alcohol and water for 8 weeks. Results: Startle magnitude to a 120 dB tone was suppressed during alcohol withdrawal in both alcohol-treated HAD2 and LAD2 rats after 5, 10, and 15 days of alcohol treatment. Forced, chronic alcohol treatment produced metabolic tolerance in both the HAD2 and LAD2 lines and significantly suppressed subsequent voluntary alcohol intake in rats of the HAD2 line. Conclusions: Reduced acoustic startle reactivity during alcohol withdrawal in both HAD2 and LAD2 rats is consistent with our previous findings in the HAD2 but not the LAD2 line and may reflect reduced CNS excitability during withdrawal from forced alcohol exposure. Forced alcohol exposure robustly retarded the expression of a genetic predisposition toward alcohol drinking in rats selectively bred for high alcohol intake.

{dagger} Author to whom reprint requests should be addressed at: Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, IB 424B, 975 W. Walnut Street, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA. Tel.: +1 317 274 1347; Fax: +1 317 274 2695; E-mail: jcfroehl@iupui.edu
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