Alcohol and Alcoholism Advance Access originally published online on March 29, 2005
Alcohol and Alcoholism 2005 40(3):214-218; doi:10.1093/alcalc/agh154
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COMPARISON OF SERUM FATTY ACID ETHYL ESTERS AND URINARY 5-HYDROXYTRYPTOPHOL AS BIOCHEMICAL MARKERS OF RECENT ETHANOL CONSUMPTION
Division on Substance Abuse, NYS Psychiatric Institute and Columbia University, Unit/120, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY, USA, 1 Division of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA and 2 Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, USA
* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed at: Adam Bisaga, Division on Substance Abuse, NYS Psychiatric Institute and Columbia University, Unit/120, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY, USA. Tel.: +1 212 5436542; Fax: +1 212 5435991; E-mail: amb107{at}columbia.edu
(Received 12 November 2004; first review notified 1 January 2005; in revised form 26 January 2005; accepted 9 March 2005; Advance Access publication 29 March 2005)
Aims: To examine the effects of an acute dose of ethanol on serum fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEEs) concentration and urinary 5-hydroxytryptophol (5-HTOL)/5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid (5-HIAA) ratio. Methods: Sixteen (14 male, 2 female) heavy alcohol drinkers were tested in a single, 2-day long session. Six participants received 1.5 g/l of ethanol/l of body water (
0.75 g/kg of body weight, low dose group: LD) and 10 participants received 2.0 g/l of ethanol (1.0 g/kg of body weight, high dose group: HD) in four divided doses every 20 min. Blood, urine, and breath samples were collected repeatedly over 36 h following the ingestion of ethanol and were analyzed for the presence of FAEE, 5-HTOL/5-HIAA, and ethanol, respectively. Serum 
-glutamyltransferase (GGT), a marker of chronic ethanol use, was also included. Results: The breath ethanol level peaked 1 h after the last dose, at 95 and 120 mg/dl for the LD and HD groups, respectively. The mean ratio of urinary 5-HTOL/5-HIAA was significantly elevated 5 and 9 h after ethanol administration, but returned to baseline 13 h after ethanol administration. This ratio was twice as high for the HD group compared with the LD group. Serum levels of FAEEs were significantly elevated at 5 h, but not 13 h after ethanol administration. There were no time-dependent changes in serum GGT levels. Conclusions: Measuring the levels of FAEE and 5-HTOL/5-HIAA ratio provides a convenient method to detect recent, particularly binge-type, ethanol use, but these measures may have limited applicability in detecting ethanol use in traditional clinical trial settings.
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