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Alcohol and Alcoholism Vol. 36, No. 4, pp. 304-308, 2001
© 2001 Medical Council on Alcoholism

Opposite effects of acute and chronic administration of alcohol on gastric emptying and small bowel transit in rat

Ferenc Izbéki1,*,, Tibor Wittmann, Sándor Csáti, Erzsébet Jeszenszky2, and János Lonovics

University of Szeged, Faculty of Medicine, 1st Department of Internal Medicine,
2 Institute of Forensic Medicine, Szeged, Korányi fasor 8 and
1 Szent György Hospital of County Fejér, 1st Department of Internal Medicine, Székesfehévár, Seregélyesi u. 3., Hungary

Received 15 August 2000; first review notified 2 January 2001; accepted 29 January 2001

The effects of acute and chronic administration of a large dose of alcohol on gastric emptying and small bowel transit were studied in rats. The development of tolerance to the acute effect of alcohol on gastrointestinal motility during chronic alcohol administration was also investigated. Gastric emptying and small intestinal transit were assessed by the Phenol Red recovery method. Acutely, ethanol was given in a dose of 2.5 g/kg body wt by gavage 30 min before the test meal. Chronically, ethanol was administered by two different methods: (1) a dose of 2.5 g/kg body wt was administered by gavage daily for 10 days; (2) animals received 15% ethanol in their drinking water for 30 days. A single large dose of alcohol inhibited gastric emptying and small bowel transit. Treatment with a large dose of alcohol for 10 days did not change the gastric emptying significantly, but inhibited the small intestinal transit. Alcohol consumption in drinking water for 30 days accelerated gastric emptying and small bowel transit. Tolerance to the acute inhibitory effect of a single large dose of alcohol on gastrointestinal motility did not develop during chronic alcohol treatment.


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