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Alcohol and Alcoholism Advance Access published online on October 13, 2009

Alcohol and Alcoholism, doi:10.1093/alcalc/agp065
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© The Author 2009. Published by Oxford University Press [on behalf of the Medical Council on Alcohol]. All rights reserved

Augmented Stress-Induced Alcohol Drinking and Withdrawal in Mice Lacking Functional Natriuretic Peptide-A Receptors

Jochen Mutschler1,*,{dagger}, Ainhoa Bilbao2,{dagger}, Christoph von der Goltz1, Cueneyt Demiralay3, Holger Jahn3, Klaus Wiedemann3, Rainer Spanagel2 and Falk Kiefer1

1 Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, J 5, 68159 Mannheim, Germany;
2 Department of Psychopharmacology, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, J 5, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
3 Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Hamburg, Martinistr. 51 20241 Hamburg, Germany

* Corresponding author: Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, J 5, 68159 Mannheim, Germany. Tel: +49-621-1703-3803; Fax: +49-621-1703-3505. E-mail: jochen.mutschler{at}zi-mannheim.de

Received 23 June 2009; first review notified 24 July 2009; in revised form 29 July 2009; accepted 28 August 2009


   Abstract

Aims: Preclinical and clinical data suggest an involvement of atrial natriuretic peptides (ANP) in alcohol-associated psychopathology. We now present first data on alcohol drinking behaviour in mice lacking a functional natriuretic peptide-A (NPR-A) receptor. Methods: NPR-A–/– and wild-type mice were given a free choice between water and increasing concentrations of alcohol (2–16%). A forced swim stress was performed thereafter on three consecutive days to investigate stress-induced alcohol drinking. Additionally, neurobehavioural alcohol withdrawal response was investigated following 14 days of forced-alcohol intake. Results: Whereas basal alcohol intake did not differ between NPR-A mutants and wild-type littermates, NPR-A mutants showed an increased stress-induced alcohol intake and aggravated neurobehavioural symptoms of alcohol withdrawal. Conclusions: Mice lacking a functional NPR-A receptor represent a useful model to study the role of the ANP system in alcohol-associated pathology. To study the role of the natriuretic NPR-A gene for the modulation of risk of alcohol-related disorders, NPR-A-related polymorphisms should be targeted in clinical studies.


{dagger} These authors contributed equally to this work.


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