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Alcohol and Alcoholism Advance Access originally published online on October 12, 2007
Alcohol and Alcoholism 2008 43(1):15-24; doi:10.1093/alcalc/agm145
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Copyright © The Author 2007. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Medical Council on Alcohol.

Serotonergic anti-depressants and ethanol withdrawal syndrome: A review

I. Tayfun Uzbay*

Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Department of Medical Pharmacology, Psychopharmacology Research Unit, Etlik 06018 Ankara, Turkey

* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed at: Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pharmacology, Psychopharmacology Research Unit, Etlik 06018 Ankara, Turkey. Tel: +312-304 4764; Fax: +312-304 2010; E-mail: tuzbay{at}gata.edu.tr; uzbayt{at}yahoo.com

Received 24 July 2007; first review notified 24 August 2007; ; accepted 3 September 2007


  Abstract

Aim: To review laboratory findings on the effects of anti-depressant agents that interact with the serotonergic system on signs of ethanol withdrawal syndrome in rats. Method: Adult Wistar rats received a modified liquid diet to produce ethanol dependence. Signs of ethanol withdrawal, locomotor hyperactivity, stereotyped behaviour, tremor, wet dog shakes, agitation, and audiogenic seizures, were evaluated for the first 6 h of ethanol withdrawal. The effects of the anti-depressants fluoxetine, venlafaxine, escitalopram, tianeptine, and extract of Hypericum perforatum (St. John's wort) (HPE) were examined. Results: Some beneficial effects of fluoxetine, tianeptine, HPE, escitalopram and venlafaxine on ethanol withdrawal signs were observed, ranked as follows: fluoxetine = tianeptine > HPE > escitalopram > venlafaxine. Conclusions: Tianeptine and fluoxetine seem to be potent pharmacologically active agents on ethanol withdrawal syndrome in rats. Thus, these anti-depressants may be useful in treatment of ethanol withdrawal syndrome in patients with alcoholism. In addition to serotonergic effects, interactions with nitrergic, glutamatergic, and adenosinergic systems may also provide a significant contribution to the beneficial effects of these drugs on ethanol withdrawal syndrome.

The abstract of this article was not structured as per journal style. This has been corrected in the new version.


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