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Alcohol and Alcoholism Advance Access originally published online on December 2, 2006
Alcohol and Alcoholism 2007 42(1):42-48; doi:10.1093/alcalc/agl095
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© The Author 2006. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Medical Council on Alcohol. All rights reserved

IMPAIRED CONTROL AND UNDERGRADUATE PROBLEM DRINKING

ROBERT F. LEEMAN1,*, MIRIAM FENTON2 and JOSEPH R. VOLPICELLI2

1 Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania 3720 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104
2 Institute of Addiction Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine 40 W. Evergreen Avenue, Suite 106, Philadelphia, PA 19118, USA

*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed at: Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine CMHC, 34 Park Street, Room S-200 New Haven, CT 06519, USA. Tel.: +1 203 974 7373; Fax: +1 203 974 7606; E-mail: robert.leeman{at}yale.edu

Received 27 July 2006; in revised form 18 September 2006; in revised form 23 October 2006; accepted 31 October 2006


  Abstract

Aims: Impaired control, one of the hallmarks of addiction, is also one of the earliest dependence symptoms to develop. Thus impaired control is particularly relevant to undergraduates and other young adults with relatively brief drinking histories. The main goal of this study was to determine whether impaired control predicted heavy episodic drinking and alcohol-related problems cross-sectionally in an undergraduate sample after controlling for gender, family history of alcohol and drug problems, and several other established predictor variables from the undergraduate alcohol literature. Methods: A sample of first-year undergraduates (n = 312) completed Part 2 of the Impaired Control Scale (ICS) and other measures related to alcohol use as part of a larger study on problem drinking in undergraduates. Results: Scores on Part 2 of the ICS predicted heavy episodic drinking and alcohol-related problems cross-sectionally even after controlling for all other predictor variables. Notably, impaired control was a stronger predictor of alcohol-related problems than overall weekly alcohol consumption. Part 2 of the ICS was found to be a reliable and valid measure for use with undergraduates. Conclusions: These findings support the notion that impaired control is one of the earliest dependence symptoms to develop. The ICS is an effective tool for identifying young adults at risk for problem drinking.


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