Alcohol and Alcoholism Advance Access originally published online on July 4, 2005
Alcohol and Alcoholism 2005 40(5):339-342; doi:10.1093/alcalc/agh179
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ASSOCIATION OF THE DOPAMINE TRANSPORTER GENE WITH ALCOHOLISM
University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Tübingen University Hospital, 72076 Tübingen, Germany and 1 Wilhelmsheim Hospital, 71570 Oppenweiler, Germany
* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed at: University Hospital of Psychiatry, Osianderstrasse 24, 72076 Tübingen, Germany. Tel.: +49 7071 2982311; Fax: +49 7071 294141; E-mail: michael.koehnke{at}med.uni-tuebingen.de
(Received 29 April 2005; first review notified 29 May 2005; accepted in revised form 3 June 2005)
Aims: It was investigated whether the allele A9 of the dopamine transporter gene (DAT1; SLC6A3) is associated with alcoholism, delirium tremens (DT), alcohol withdrawal seizures (AWS), or the daily alcohol intake. Methods: A group of 102 healthy subjects and 216 alcoholics, including 97 patients with a history of mild withdrawal symptoms, 65 with a history of AWS and 83 with a history of DT were genotyped and personal data were achieved for statistical evaluation in a case–control design. Results: The frequency of individuals carrying the allele A9 [f(A9+)] was significantly higher (P = 0.01) in the group of alcoholics [f(A9+) = 0.48] compared with healthy controls [f(A9+) = 0.32]. There was no significant association of the allele A9 with severe withdrawal symptoms or the daily amount of alcohol consumed. Conclusions: Our results reveal that the allele A9 is strongly associated with alcoholism but not with withdrawal symptoms or daily alcohol intake.
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