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Alcohol and Alcoholism Vol. 38, No. 4, pp. 352-356, 2003
© 2003 Medical Council on Alcohol

CHILDHOOD ATTENTION DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE: A 1-YEAR FOLLOW-UP

Eyüp Sabri Ercan*, Hakan Coskunol1, Azmi Varan1 and Kaan Toksöz2

Departments of Child Psychiatry and
1 Psychiatry, Ege University, School of Medicine, Bornova, Izmir and
2 Manisa SSK Hastanesi, Turkey

Received 11 September 2002; first review notified 5 November 2002; first review notified 14 February 2003; accepted 14 March 2003

Aims: To investigate the onset and outcome of alcohol dependence in subjects with childhood attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in a Turkish sample. Methods: Among patients being treated for alcohol dependence, 15 had a history of childhood ADHD [ADHD (+)] and 45 did not [ADHD (–)]. ADHD history was assessed according to DSM-IV criteria by a child and adolescent psychiatrist who interviewed the subjects and their close relatives. Severity of dependence was measured by the Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test. Subjects were followed up for 1 year for the assessment of relapse. Results: The age of onset for alcohol drinking, alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence were significantly lower in the ADHD (+) group than in the ADHD (–) group. Comorbid substance use was more prevalent in the ADHD (+) group. The study found no significant difference in the severity of alcohol dependence between ADHD (+) and ADHD (–) groups. During follow-up, 80% of the ADHD (+) subjects relapsed, compared with 55.6% in the ADHD (–) group. Relapse occurred on average 2.74 months earlier in the ADHD (+) group than in the ADHD (–) group. Conclusions: As found in other countries, alcohol dependence in Turkish subjects with childhood ADHD starts early and is relatively resistant to treatment. Early diagnosis and treatment of ADHD might help prevent alcohol- and substance-related disorders.


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