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Alcohol and Alcoholism Vol. 37, No. 5, pp. 421-426, 2002
© 2002 Medical Council on Alcohol

INTERMITTENT ETHANOL EXPOSURE INCREASES THE NUMBER OF CEREBELLAR MICROGLIA

Jarno Riikonen*, Pia Jaatinen1, Jyrki Rintala, Ilkka Pörsti2, Kirsi Karjala3 and Antti Hervonen

Tampere School of Public Health, FIN-33014 University of Tampere, Tampere,
1 Department of Internal Medicine, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere,
2 Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki and
3 Institute of Biomedicine, Helsinki, Finland

Received 20 April 2001; first review notified 19 October 2001; accepted 30 January 2002

— Aims: The number of cerebellar microglia after 51/2 months of continuous or intermittent ethanol exposure was studied using the optical dissector method. Methods: Male Wistar rats were divided into three groups: an intermittently ethanol-exposed group, a continuously ethanol-exposed group and a control group (n = 6 in each group). The intermittently treated rats had two ethanol-withdrawal periods per week throughout the experiment. The number of microglia was measured in the anterior (folium II) and the posterior (folium X) cerebellar vermis. Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) lectin was used to stain the cerebellar microglia. Results: The volumes of folia II and X were similar in all the groups. The number of microglia increased in the molecular layer of folium II in the intermittently ethanol-exposed group compared with the continuously exposed and control groups. In the granular layer, there were no differences between the groups in the number of microglia. Conclusions: The results suggest that the number of cerebellar microglia increases in the anterior vermis before any ethanol-induced cerebellar atrophy is discernible. Repeated ethanol withdrawals seem to be more essential in inducing microgliosis than ethanol intoxication per se.


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