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Alcohol and Alcoholism Vol. 35, No. 5, pp. 452-457, 2000
© 2000 Medical Council on Alcoholism

LOW LEVELS OF ETHANOL STIMULATE AND HIGH LEVELS DECREASE PHOSPHORYLATION IN MICROTUBULE-ASSOCIATED PROTEINS IN RAT BRAIN: AN IN VITRO STUDY

Balwant Ahluwalia*, Syed Ahmad1, Olanrewaju Adeyiga, Barbara Wesley and Shakuntala Rajguru

Laboratory of Endocrine Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Howard University, Washington DC 20060, USA

Received 7 February 2000; first review notified 2 May 2000; accepted 13 May 2000

Phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of proteins associated with microtubules (MAPs) modulate the functional properties of microtubules (MT). A study was designed to test the hypothesis that ethanol at pharmacologically relevant levels affects phosphorylation of MAPs. Low (6, 12, 24, and 48 mM) and high (96, 384, and 768 mM) levels of ethanol were used in the study. MT prepared from rat brain by successive cycles of assembly–disassembly were found to contain two high molecular weight proteins (MAP2 and MAP1), tubulin, and 70-kDa neurofilament. The kinase activity was determined using [{gamma}32P]ATP as a phosphate donor. The results showed that ethanol primarily stimulated MAP2 phosphorylation. Low levels of ethanol stimulated, whereas high levels decreased, the kinase activity. MAP1 was phosphorylated to a lesser extent. 70-kDa neurofilament and tubulin were phosphorylated, however, the dose-dependent biphasic effect of ethanol on phosphorylation was not found in these cytoskeleton proteins. To determine whether the ethanol-induced kinase activity was cAMP-dependent, the catalytic subunit of cAMP-dependent protein kinase was isolated, purified, and kinase activity was determined with and without ethanol. The results showed that cAMP was not involved in ethanol-induced kinase activity. We conclude that ethanol predominantly stimulates phosphorylation of MAP2 in a dose-dependent manner.


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