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Alcohol and Alcoholism Vol. 35, No. 1, pp. 25-30, 2000
© 2000 Medical Council on Alcoholism

DEVELOPMENTAL ASPECTS OF INTESTINAL INTRAEPITHELIAL AND LAMINA PROPRIA LYMPHOCYTES IN THE RAT FOLLOWING PLACENTAL AND LACTATIONAL EXPOSURE TO ETHANOL

Xi Zhu and Leonard L. Seelig, Jr*

Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Louisiana State University Medical Center, P.O. Box 33932, Shreveport, LA 71130, USA

Received 7 September 1998; first review notified 10 May 1999; accepted 10 June 1999

Fetal and lactational exposure to alcohol can induce impairments to the immune system and lead to decreased resistance to certain infectious agents. Morphometric procedures were used to quantify changes induced by maternal ethanol consumption in the gut-associated lymphoid tissue of rat pups. Rats were pair-fed with ethanol-containing or isocaloric control liquid diets formulated for pregnant and lactating animals from day 1 of pregnancy and throughout the lactation periods. Pups were weaned and placed on control liquid diet on post-natal day 21. Intraepithelial and lamina propria lymphocytes and macrophages were evaluated on post-natal days 14, 18, and 25. Lower thymus weights were observed in the ethanol-exposed pups on post-natal days 14 and 18 and lower total thymocyte counts on post-natal day 14. On post-natal day 14, T cells, T cytotoxic cells, IgA plasma cells, and macrophages were decreased in the ileal epithelial and lamina propria areas in the ethanol-exposed, compared to the pair-fed, pups. No differences for any of the above cell counts were found in the jejunum on post-natal day 14. On post-natal day 18, macrophages were still decreased in the ileum in the ethanol-treated pups, compared to pair-fed animals. No differences were found in T cells, T cytotoxic cells, and IgA lymphocytes between groups in either the jejunum or ileum on post-natal days 18 and 25. This study suggests that fetal and lactational exposure to ethanol has some effects on the development or influx of intraepithelial and lamina propria leukocytes and that the changes are most pronounced in early neonatal life.


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 Exp Biol MedHome page
X. Zhang, J. H. Sliwowska, and J. Weinberg
Prenatal Alcohol Exposure and Fetal Programming: Effects on Neuroendocrine and Immune Function
Exp Biol Med, June 1, 2005; 230(6): 376 - 388.
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