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Alcohol and Alcoholism Vol. 34, No. 6, pp. 805-823, 1999
© 1999 Medical Council on Alcoholism

Invited Review

ALCOHOL MISUSE AS A HEALTH AND SOCIAL ISSUE IN THE BALTIC SEA REGION. A SUMMARY OF FINDINGS FROM THE BALTICA STUDY

Jussi Simpura*, Christoffer Tigerstedt1, Sari Hanhinen2, Mikko Lagerspetz3, Håkan Leifman4, Jacek Moskalewicz5, Jukka Törrönen6 and in collaboration with

Social Research Unit for Alcohol Studies, National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health (STAKES), P.O. Box 220, FIN-00531 Helsinki, Finland,
1 Nordic Council for Alcohol and Drug Research, Finland,
2 School of Slavonic and Eastern European Studies, University of London, UK,
3 Estonian Institute of Humanities, Tallinn, Estonia,
4 Department of Sociology, University of Stockholm, Sweden,
5 Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Warsaw, Poland and
6 Finnish Foundation for Alcohol Studies, Helsinki, Finland

Received 5 May 1998; first review notified 15 December 1998; )

ABSTRACT

The Baltic Sea region today is a scene of a double transition: the eastern transformation and the western integration. As a consequence, alcohol-related issues are undergoing extensive changes. As part of a study of prevalence and perception of social problems around the Baltic Sea (the Baltica Study), alcohol issues have been studied from four perspectives: official statistics, mass media, public opinion and views of influential groups. The Baltic Sea region contains countries from the top and from the bottom of the European statistics on alcohol consumption (Latvia and Sweden respectively). Alcohol has been an important political issue in the transition of many countries (Russia and Poland just before the transition, Sweden and also Finland in their processes of European Union integration). For the medically oriented alcohol research community, the most important finding is that the medical profession and medical and epidemiological arguments play a secondary role in most of the countries when it comes to the definition of the problem.


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