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© 1995 Medical Council on Alcohol

research-article

THE ACUTE EFFECTS OF ETHANOL AND ACETALDEHYDE ON THE SYNTHESIS OF MIXED AND CONTRACTILE PROTEINS OF THE JEJUNUM

JASPAUL S. MARWAY* and VICTOR R. PREEDY1

Tissue Pathology Unit, Roehampton Institute West Hill. London. SW15 3SN
1Department of Clinical Biochemistry, King's College School of Medicine and Dentistry Bessemer Road, London SE5 9PJ, UK

*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed

Received 29 December 1993; first review notified 17 August 1994; accepted 1 September 1994

An investigation was made into the acute effects of ethanol and acetaldehyde with or without enzyme inhibitors of alcohol dehydrogenase (4-methylpyrazole) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (cyanamide) on fractional rates of protein synthesis of mixed and contractile proteins of the jejunum. Ethanol decreased the fractional rates of mixed and contractile protein synthesis (i.e. ko defined as the percentage of tissue protein renewed each day) by -25%. Pretreatment with 4-methylpyrazole followed by treatment with ethanol further reduced mixed and contractile ko by -30%, when compared with saline plus saline and 4-methylpyrazole plus saline groups. The greatest reductions in ko of mixed and contractile proteins occurred with cyanamide pretreatment followed by ethanol treatment: mixed and contractile protein ko in the cyanamide plus ethanol group decreased by -60% when compared with saline plus saline and cyanamide plus saline groups, whereas ko decreased by -45% when compared with the saline plus ethanol injected group. Acetaldehyde treatment alone caused no significant inhibition of protein synthesis. However, 4-methylpyrazole pretreatment plus acetaldehyde treatment significantly reduced mixed and contractile ko by -20% when compared with the saline group, and by -15% when compared with the 4-methylpyrazole plus saline and saline plus acetaldehyde groups. These data show that ethanol alone and perhaps high levels of acetaldehyde may be responsible for the inhibition of intestinal protein synthesis and related pathological derangements, e.g. motility disturbances due to loss of contractile proteins.


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